New study calculates alcohol cancer risk in cigarette equivalents to help communicate risk
Mae鈥檙 Athro Mark Bellis o鈥檙 Coleg Gwyddorau Dynol wedi bod yn ymwneud ag ymchwil sydd yn cael llawer o sylw ar y cyfryngau heddiw.
Dyma yr oedd ganddo i鈥檞 ddweud am arwyddoc芒d canfyddiadau鈥檙 ymchwil:
鈥淎m sawl blwyddyn, mae negeseuon iechyd clir wedi eu gosod ar bob pecyn o sigar茅ts a werthwyd wedi gwneud y cyhoedd yn ymwybodol eu bod yn ffactor fawr mewn achosi canser. Rydym eto i weld negeseuon cyffelyb ar gyfer alcohol, felly mae鈥檙 rhelyw o bobl yn yfed gydag ond ychydig neu ddim gwybodaeth am effeithiau alcohol wrth achosi canser.
Byddai nifer o bobl yn synnu o wybod bod menyw sy鈥檔 yfed hanner potel o win bob nos yn rhannu鈥檙 un elfen o risg i ddatblygu canser 芒 menyw sy鈥檔 ysmygu 23 sigar茅t yr wythnos.
Rydym yn gobeithio y bydd cyfleu鈥檙 risgiau o ganser sydd ynghlwm ag alcohol yn nhermau鈥檙 nifer o sigar茅ts a ysmygwyd yn fodd syml ond effeithiol i sicrhau bod gan bobl wybodaeth well ynghylch y risgiau canser sydd ynghlwm 芒鈥檙 diodydd meddwol a werthir iddynt.鈥�
Mae datganiad i鈥檙 wasg y BMJ isod.
Dyma esiamplau o rai o鈥檙 straeon Newyddion:
The well-established link between cancer and tobacco may provide a way to help communicate the links between moderate levels of alcohol and cancer, and raise public awareness of alcohol-associated cancer risks, according to a study published in the open access journal BMC Public Health.
A team of researchers at University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, 麻豆传媒高清版 and University of Southampton have estimated the risk of cancer associated with drinking moderate levels of alcohol, and compared this to the risk of cancer associated with smoking.
Dr Theresa Hydes, the corresponding author said: 鈥淥ur study describes the percentage increase of the risk of cancer within the UK population associated with different levels of alcohol consumption, and is the only study to provide a 鈥榗igarette equivalent鈥� in terms of harm.
鈥淲e aimed to answer the question: Purely in terms of cancer risk 鈥� that is, looking at cancer in isolation from other harms 鈥� how many cigarettes are there in a bottle of wine? Our findings suggest that the 鈥榗igarette equivalent鈥� of a bottle of wine is five cigarettes for men and ten for women per week.鈥�
The authors estimate that in non-smoking men, the absolute lifetime risk of cancer 鈥� that is, the risk of developing cancer during one鈥檚 lifetime 鈥� associated with drinking one bottle of wine per week is 1.0%. For women, it is 1.4%. Thus, if 1,000 men and 1,000 women each drank one bottle of wine per week, around ten extra men and 14 extra women may develop cancer at some point in their life. In men, this risk appears to be associated primarily with cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, whereas in women, 55% of cases appear to be associated with breast cancer. The study aims to draw the public鈥檚 attention to the fact that just moderate levels of drinking, e.g. one bottle of wine per week can put people at risk of cancer, particularly breast cancer.
The study aims to draw the public鈥檚 attention to the fact that just moderate levels of drinking, e.g. one bottle of wine per week can put people at risk of cancer, particularly breast cancer. The authors highlight that this in an important issue as breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women in the UK.
The authors also found that drinking three bottles of wine per week (approximately half a bottle per day) 鈥� a level known to increase the risks of a wide range of different health problems 鈥� was associated with an increase of absolute lifetime cancer risk to 1.9% in men and 3.6% in women, or 19 in 1,000 men and 36 in 1,000 women, respectively. This is equivalent to smoking roughly eight cigarettes per week for men and 23 cigarettes per week for women.
Dr Hydes said: 鈥淲e must be absolutely clear that this study is not saying that drinking alcohol in moderation is in any way equivalent to smoking. Our finds relate to lifetime risk across the population. At an individual level, cancer risk represented by drinking or smoking will vary and for many individuals, the impact of ten units of alcohol (one bottle of wine) or five to ten cigarettes may be very different.鈥� In order to calculate the possible lifetime cancer risk associated with consuming ten units of alcohol or ten cigarettes per week, the authors used lifetime cancer risk data from Cancer Research UK (based on data provided by the UK鈥檚 Office for National Statistics, ISD Scotland, which provides health information, health intelligence, statistical services and advice to support the National Health Service, Welsh Cancer Intelligence and Surveillance Unit, and the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry), previously published data on the number of cancers in the population that can be attributed to tobacco and alcohol and relative cancer risk data for moderate levels of alcohol and tobacco use. The authors caution that the study is not a comparison of the overall mortality of smoking versus alcohol as it did not take into account other non-cancer smoking or alcohol-related outcomes, such as respiratory, cardiovascular or liver disease. Dr Hydes said: 鈥淥ur estimation of a cigarette equivalent for alcohol provides a useful measure for communicating possible cancer risks that exploits successful historical messaging on smoking. It is well established that heavy drinking is linked to cancer of the mouth, throat, voice box, gullet, bowel, liver and breast. Yet, in contrast to smoking, this is not widely understood by the public. We hope that by using cigarettes as the comparator we could communicate this message more effectively to help individuals make more informed lifestyle choices.鈥�
Dyddiad cyhoeddi: 28 Mawrth 2019